Curly Leaf Pondweed

Potamogeton crispus
Non-native Submerged
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Quick ID Summary
What It Looks Like
Narrow leaves up to 4 inches long, wavy like a piece of lasagna. Growth up to 3 feet long. Leaves do not float at the surface.
Where It Grows
Rooted and submerged, in water up to 15 feet deep.
How It Spreads
Mainly from seeds. Also spreads between waterbodies on plant fragments.
Status
Considered non-native throughout the United States. Other names include curled pondweed, curly leafed pondweed, and crisped pondweed.
Curly leaf pondweed held in hand, showing wavy crinkled leaf margins
Curly Leaf Pondweed — Potamogeton crispus

Identification

The leaf edge is unmistakable once you have seen it: narrow leaves up to 4 inches long, wavy, similar to a piece of lasagna. Nothing else in a typical pond does that.

It is a rooted submerged pond weed producing growth up to 3 feet long, and it occurs in water up to 15 feet deep. Critically, the leaves do not float at the surface the way American pondweed's do - that single check separates the two.

The Backwards Growth Cycle

This is the part that catches pond owners out. Unlike other pondweeds, Potamogeton crispus begins its growth cycle in fall and winter. It is present in the pond before most other weeds show up, so the first green growth of the year is often this.

It then dies back around July, which is when seeds are dropped. A pond that looks clear in August was not necessarily treated successfully - the plant may simply have finished its year. Time treatment to the plant's calendar, not the season you expect.

Why It Matters

Curly leaf pondweed is considered non-native throughout the United States. It spreads mainly from the seeds it produces, and can move from waterbody to waterbody on plant fragments carried by boats and equipment.

Control Approach

Light. Pond dye is an early season application, and given this plant's fall-and-winter start, early means earlier than you think. Dye must be applied before growth begins and maintained throughout the year.

Mechanical. A pond rake, needed multiple times per year.

Biological. Grass carp can eat 2 to 3 times their own body weight in vegetation per day.

After treatment. Use pond dye monthly for best results, and Muck Remover pellets on the decaying material.

Recommended Treatment Products

These are the products Natural Waterscapes recommends for curly leaf pondweed, with the role each one plays. Read the label and confirm the product suits your waterbody before applying.

Early Season, Light Control
Pond Dye
Must be applied before growth begins and maintained throughout the year to be effective.
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Quick Results, No Restrictions
Aquathol K
Provides excellent control with quick results and no water use restrictions after use.
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Granular Option
Aquathol Super K
The granular form, with the same quick results and no water use restrictions.
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Kills to the Root
Sonar AS
Takes 30 to 60 days for results and kills to the roots. The entire pond must be treated, and it is only for ponds with little or no flow.
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Ready to Use
Sonar RTU
The ready-to-use form of the same root-killing treatment.
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Granular
Sonar One
The granular form of the same root-killing treatment.
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Results in 1 Week
Propeller
Provides good control of pond weed species, with results noticed within 1 week.
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Multiple Weed Species
Duckweed Destroyer
A fast-acting, broad spectrum option for ponds with several weed species.
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After Treatment
Muck Remover Pellets
Breaks down decaying vegetation after treatment.
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Common Questions

Why does curly leaf pondweed appear before other weeds?

It begins its growth cycle in fall and winter, unlike other pondweeds, so it is present in the pond before most other weeds.

Why did my curly leaf pondweed disappear in July?

Curly-leaf dies back around the month of July. That is when it drops its seeds - it is the plant's normal cycle, not necessarily a sign the treatment worked.

How do I tell it from American pondweed?

Curly leaf pondweed leaves do not float at the surface the way American pondweed leaves do, and its leaves are wavy, similar to a piece of lasagna.

Is curly leaf pondweed native?

It is considered non-native throughout the United States.

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Need help with curly leaf pondweed?

Our pond and lake experts can confirm the identification and recommend a treatment plan sized to your waterbody. Send a photo or give us a call.

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